Chapter 22
Russian Revolution (1917)
A revolution that lasted only one year in 1917, were social tensions exploded and people wanted the government to take more care of the social needed. Overthrew Tsar Nicholas II and eventually changed the government to communism.
Bolsheviks/Lenin
A small socialist party that was lead by Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (a.k.a Lenin) that rose out of the overthrow of the Provisional Government that took control of Russia after the Tsar was thrown out.
Guomindang
A Nationalist Party that ruled China after 1928 that modernized the cities of China but left the rural areas of China deprived.
Chinese Revolution
A revolution in China were the CCP (Chinese Communist Party) rose up to convert the government to communism with Mao Zedong as their leader.
Mao Zedong
The leader of the CCP that lead the revolution to have China as a communist country.
Building Socialism
The process of the communist countries to modernize the and industrialize their societies.
Stalin
The leader of the Soviet Union that put Russia through the process of "building socialism" in the 1920's to 1930's.
Zhenotdel
An organization called the Women's Department were they pushed feminist program in women liberation. Was banned by Stalin in 1930 due to opposition from communist and people.
Collectivization
The focus of putting people into different desired fields to work. (ex: farming).
Cultural Revolution
A rebellion that was launched by Mao to try and combat capitalism that he believed contaminated the CCP as well as the country. Lasted from 1966 to 1969.
Great Purges/Terror
The process in Russia were communist parties viewed other people as "enemies" or people who wanted to restore capitalism to the socialist country. These people were almost always falsely accused. In Russia, millions of people were arrested and either executed or sent to gulags (remote and bad-conditioned labor camps).
Cuban Missile Crisis
An event that caused world tensions. Nikita decided to send nuclear missiles to Cuba in fear of losing it to American aggression due to provocation of the Cuban leader, Fidel Castro, was in power. The US blockaded Cuba and then an agreement between President John F. Kennedy and Khrushchev was made and the bombs were removed.
Nikita Khrushchev
The leader of the Soviet Union (USSR) after Stalin died in 1953.
Mikhail Gorbachev
A leader of the USSR that came to power in 1985 during the collapse of world communism. Tried to save the USSR but only ended up speeding up the process, leading to its political collapse in 1991.
Deng Xiaoping
The leader of China after the death of Mao in 1976. Reassembled the counties economic and political system to stability.
Perestroika/Glasnost
Perestroika- a program created by Gorbachev to help the economy. Similar to what was done in China.
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Glasnost- a policy that permitted a bigger range of cultural and intellectual freedom in Russia.
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Glasnost- a policy that permitted a bigger range of cultural and intellectual freedom in Russia.